Metal roofing



(No Modem- Y 2 sheets-sheep 1.

W. R. KINNEAR.

. A METAL lfzo-oleING..4 Y No. 550,325. l Patented Nov. 26, 1895.

W I I )VESSES [JV VENTO@ Y ANDREW BLRNAM. PMUfo-LITHLLWASNIN GTOILDL.

l UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

IVILLIAM R. KINNEAR, OF COLUMBUS, OHIO.

METAL ROOFING.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 550,325, dated November 26, 1895. Application filed March 18, 1895. Serial No. 542,198. (No model.) v

To all whom t may concern:

Beit known that I, WILLIAM R. KINNEAR, a citizen of the United States, residing at Columbus, in the county of Franklin and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Metal Roofing; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention, relating more particularly to that class of metallic roofing which is made up of shingles previously stamped into proper form, has for its object to provide shingles that shall be readily fitted together and securely locked without the use of nails or other extraneous fastenings, and at the same time may be easily and economically formed in dies or machinery. Incidental to these objects it is also my aim to provide shingles which when united shall form a thoroughly waterproof and durable roof.

My invention is embodied in a shingle having on one edge a vertical flange or tongue bearing projections or lugs, and on the opposite edge a folded part forming a groove, one of the walls of which bears lugs or projections, so that'when a groove is placed on a tongue the lugs or projections of one part may be forced under those on the other, and thus prevent the separation of the two shingles in a direction at right angles tothe plane of the shingles.

In the accompanying drawings, illustrating my invention, Figure l represents a perspective view of a piece of roofing made up of my shingles. Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a single shingle, one corner of the grooved edge of which is broken away to show the locking lugs or projections. Fig. 3 shows an ornamental rib or molding that may be included in a roof made up of my shingles. Fig. 4 shows another way of applying the. ornamental molding. Fig. 5 is still another way of attaching the ornamental molding. Fig. G is an enlarged sectional view showing a cleat at the upper edge of the shingle.

Like characters of reference in the different igures designate corresponding parts.

l designates the body of the shingle.

2 designates the vertically-standing flange ortongue on one edge and 3 the verticallystanding groove or folded part at the opposite edge. Both the tongue and groove have formed therein, preferably by stamping, inclined lugs or projections 4, located at short intervals apart, so that when the grooved edge of one shingle is placed down on a tongue of another the projections or lugs 4 on the groove may, by a slight longitudinal movement of the superposed shingle, be forced under the projections 4 of the tongue and the two shingles so locked from separation in a direction at right angles to the plane of the shingles. In constructing the roof, however, it will be found desirable to put the shingles together so as to break jointsthat is, the middle of the grooved edges of the shingles in one course will be placed over the points of connection of the shingles in the contiguous course.

To provide a water-shedding joint between the ends of the shingles in the same course I bend the upper part upwardly, forwardly, and then folded rearwardly, so as to form a groove lO, slightly elevated above the plane of the body of the shingle by the perpendicular part 5. The lower part of the shingle is folded under, so as to form a tongue 6, and the lower edge of the folded part is bent at an obtuse angle, as shown at 7, so that when the tongue 6 is inserted into the groove l0 the edge 7 shall project over the perpendicular part like the edge of a roof. By this construction water is shed from one shingle to another and leakage by capillary attraction avoided.

When it is desired to add an ornamental beading or molding to the roof, one of the courses of the two adjacent courses which are to receive the molding may have both its edges provided with tongues and lugs 4, and the sections of molding or beading may have grooves formed by a double folding of the edge of the molding or beading, as shown in Fig. 3. In this form the locking lugs or projections 4 on the tongues may be stamped outward-that is, on those sides of the tongues in adjacent courses of shingles that face each other.

In Fig. 4 I have shown a way to avoid forming a groove in the edges of the molding. In this form the locking projections are stamped so as to project inward, and those on the tongues project from the inner side of the tongue. 1When the molding is thus con IOO structed, `the elasticity of themoldingrwill suiiice to hold the molding in"`place, but'this elasticity may be augmented and the molding also strengthened by forming transverse beads 8 thereon, as shown in Fig. 4. The tongued edges of the shingles may beheld down by cleats 9, hooking overthe'tongues and nailed to the roof.

Another mode of securing the V*moldingto the roof is shown in Fig.k 5. In this instance a rather wide cleat or shingle having its opposite edge bent up and doubly folded so `as to. form two groovesA in each edge, one to embrace the tongue on the shingles and the other to receive the lower edge of the mold.- ing, is shown. The outer walls of-the outer grooves of the cleat may have stamped therein inclined projections or grooves tobe engaged `by teats or `projections'on the lower 4edge of themolding. Y Other forms of locking `lugs or projections may bestamped in the tongues and Wallsor Vthe grooves, and l do not wishtobe underf stood as conlining myself to `the-formshown;

` It will b e advantageous to stamplsh'ort beadsl in the body of `the'shingles extending atanggles from the corners toward the lowered'ge;

so as to direct rain-water from'thefjoints at the'adjacent courses of the shingles toward the middle ofthe shingles. i AAs shown in Fig. 6, a cleat Vll,thatenga'ges Vthe groove at Vthe upper edge of Vthe "shingle and having a standing part lto "brace the joint,1nay be `used to obtain a hrm.` and` secure joint. Y V `WVhat I claim, and desire tofsecure by Letters Patent, is@

1. A shingle having a tongue and a groove with oppositely projecting lugs; thelugson the tongue and groove being respecti-velyin different planes Wherebyvthe shingle may vsuperposed laterallyfuporr ai similar shingle and the lugs brought under one another without distending or straining the parts, substantially as and for the purpose described.

\ 2. -A shingle having a tongue and a groove having a tongue or groove with projecting lugsyandamolding havinga tongue or groove with projecting lugs, the lugs on the shingle 'and"`n1'olding being -respectively in dierent planes whereby the shingle and molding may be superposed laterallyfupon each other and `the lugs' brought one under the therjwithout` distending or straining the partsto'lock the same, substantially asl described.

4. *1A metallicishingle having its upperedge bent and "folded-'to' i formi a f 'shoulder 5 and i groove l0 auditslower edge bentand folded vtoform: the `inclined Watershedding `edge 7 andfton gue 6; substantially as described.

5;r `In aroff,f1neta'llic `shingleshaving their upperedgeslbentfand i folded to' i form "shoul- `ders 5 and'groove'l@ andfth'eirlower edges 'be'nt-mand folded to formi inclined Water-shed ding'edg'es Tandtongues 6,1l`th tongues Gentering thegrooves '10 tofform the cross seam, combinedfwitlr afcleat 111 having' afstanding partlZsecured underthe'sealn and forming a brace thereforg *substantially as described.

In "testimony whereof I my signature `in presence-"oftwo witnesses.

WILLIAM R. KINNEAR. WVitnesses A. JfpSMRT, Giro. Mi FrNoKEL. 

